Photocell position detector for elevator cars including
a perforated tape uniquely encoded for each position
with responsive control means

ABSTRACT

THIS APPLICATION CONCERNS AN ELEVATOR SYSTEM WHICH ELIMINATES MOST OF THE MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PRIOR SYSTEMS. VIRTUALLY TROUBLE FREE LOGIC CIRCUIT ELEMENTS COMPOSED OF STATIC-TYPE ELECTRONIC AND SOLID STATE ELEMENTS ARE SUBSTITUTED FOR PRIMARILY ALL THE MECHANICAL AND ELECTRO-MECHANICAL DEVICES WHICH WERE USED IN EARLIER SYSTEMS. IN ONE OF THE DISCLOSED EMBODIMENTS A TAPE IS DRIVEN OVER A SHEAVE BY THE ELEVATOR CAR TO DUPLICATE ITS MOVEMENT. THIS TAPE IS SLOTTED TO FORM ROWS OF SLOTS AT VARIOUS POINTS ALONG ITS LENGTH IN ACCORDANCE WITH A BINARY CODE SO THAT EACH POINT CORRESPONDS TO A PREDETERMINED POSITION IN THE HOISTWAY AND THE CODE IN EACH ROW IDENTIFIES ITS CORRESPONDING POSITION. AS THE CAR MOVES THROUGH THE HOISTWAY, THE CODE, ASSOCIATED WITH EACH OF THE VARIOUS POSITIONS IT PASSES, IS CONVERTED INTO ELECTRICAL OUTPUT SIGNALS BY   MEANS OF A LIGHT SOURCE AND PHOTOCELL TRANSLATOR. THIS PROVIDES INFORMATION CONCERNING THE LOCATION OF THE CAR. THIS INFORMATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH THAT CONCERNING THE SPEED OF THE CAR AS PROVIDED BY SIGNALS DERIVED FROM A TACHOMETER GENERATOR IS APPLIED TO VARIOUS ELECTRONIC TUBE FUNCTIONS NECESSARY TO CONTROL THE OPERATION OF THE CAR.

Oct. 12, 1971 w. H. BRUNS ETAL Re. 27,185

' PHOTOCELL POSITION DETECTOR FOR ELEVATOR CARS INCLUDING A PERFORATED TAPE UNIQUELY ENCODED FOR EACH PQSITION WITH RESP'ON IVE CONTROL HEANS Original Filed Nov. 22. 1961 e Sheets-Shed n IN APA 0U7 v mm a 1%: W lk H L w F F m T M .GU W a vw H 0 00 D 00 4 6L 55 M4 53 m 5% 5% Q W/L L 04M HENFY 520/ 93 H- DIAMOND i -0ur 7-70. 7 HEEBEEWMOS, b wsmon Y A fronue Get. 12, 1971 w, a ms ETAL Re. 1",8

PHOTOCELL POSITION DETECTOR F03 ELEVATOR CARS INCLUDING A PERFORATED TAPE UNIQUELY ENCODED FOR EACH POSITION WITH RESPONSIVE CONTROL UELNS Original Filed Nov. 22, 1961 9 sheets-sneer.

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LEW H- D/AMOND HEKBE'PTJACOBP INVENTOR 51 67}. to ATTORN E Oct. 12, 1971 w. H. aRuNs Em. R 1. 5

PHOTOCELL POSITION DETECTOR FOR ELEVATOR CABS INCLUDING A PERFORATED TAPE UNIQUELY ENCODED FOR EACH POSITION WITH RESPONSIVE CONTROL MEANS Origin-11 Filed Nov. 22. 1961 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 517 B79) 66 raw! 5!) VPJQ f 56 rapt/ 2 M Fla/0 u/ "or 5-8 m W/LL MM HENRY BRUHJ 7'76. 9 L e w. H. ammo/40 }\NVE.N'FOR HEEBEETJAC 05? BY 62%. $1 ATTORNE Oct. 12, 1911 w. H. BRUNS mm. M 1,185

PHOTOGELL POSITION DETECTOR FOR ELEVATOR CARS INCLUDING A PERFORATED TAPE UNIQUELY ENCODED FOR EACH POSITION WITH RESPONSIVE CONTROL MEANS 5+ TF L 6' MH- DbQMO/VD WW U i HEEBEET' JACOB? W/LL/AMHE'N'EYBFUN5 INVENTORS BY Q%. 05* ATTORNEY Oct. 12, 1971 PHOTOC ELL w. H. BRUNS E POSITION nm'scwoa F01! zmzvmon was mcmmme A PERFORATED TAPE UNIQUELY BNCODED FOR EACH rOSITION WITH RESPONSIVB CONTROL MEANS Original Filed Nov. 22, 1961 9 Shoots-Sheet 6 L E w u ammo/-10 HEKEEL T Q/A cosr BY ATTORNEY INVENTORS Oct. 12, 1971 w. H. BRUNS ETAL Re. 27,

PHOTOCELL POSITION DETECTOR PO! ELEVATOR CABS INCLUDING A PEHFORA'I'ED TAPE UNIOUELY ENCODED I'OR EACH POSITION WITH RESPONSIVE CONTROL MEANS Original Filed Nov. 22. 1961 9 Shuts-Shut 7 L-"ujflfil gg'; f PV 05051 APA EDS(lfi)-g 1 A no Us [YDQZ' Tc eQ I ACPBQQ Ab 5x4 ran/5 fog/Q "3,? Pm l A5 70,452 7/6. Fla/5 P4151 A4 row ACPJQQ A3 H 5 C2.

W/L L l/JM HEN? 7 EEK/HS LEW H- D/HHOND INVE NTOR HEESEZTJHCOBY BY ATTORNE United States Patent PHOTOCELL POSITION DETECTOR FOR ELEVA- TOR CARS INCLUDING A PERFORATED- TAPE UNIQUELY ENCODED FOR EACH POSITION WITH RESPONSIVE CONTROL MEANS William Henry Bruns, deceased, late of Lincolndale, Somers, N.Y., by Eva C. Bruns, executrix, De Bary, Fla., and Lew H. Diamond, Massapequa, and Herbert Jacoby, Jamaica, N.Y., assignors to Otis Elevator Company, New York, N .Y.

Original No. 3,414,088, dated Dec. 3, 1968, Ser. No. 154,132, Nov. 22, 1961. Application for reissue June 6, 1969, Ser. No. 844,219

Int. Cl. B66b 1/16 US. Cl. 187-29 R Matter enclosed in heavy brackets appears in the original patent but forms no part of this reissue specification; matter printed in italics indicates the additions made by reissue.

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This application concerns an elevator system which eliminates most of the maintenance problems associated with prior systems. Virtually trouble free logic circuit elements composed of static-type electronic and solid state elements are substituted for primarily all the mechanical and electro-mechdnical devices which were used in earlier systems.

In one of the disclosed embodiments a tape is driven over a sheave by the elevator car to duplicate its movement. This tape is slotted to form rows of slots at various points along its length in accordance with a binary code so that each point corresponds to a predetermined position in the hoistw'ay and the code in each row identifies its corresponding position. As the car moves through the hoistway, the code, associated with each 07 the various positions it passes, is converted into electrical output signals by means of a light source and photocell translator. This provides information concerning the location of the car. This information in conjunction with that concerning the speed of the car as provided by signals derived from a tachometer generator is applied to various electronic tube and solid state circuits which perform the essential logic functions necessary to control the operation of the car.

This invention relates to elevator control systems, and has particular relation to such systems employing selectors and controllers constructed primarily of electronic and static components.

In elevator installations up landing controls and down landing controls are provided at landings for registering landing calls, while the elevator car is provided with controls for registering car calls for service to the various landings. In certain installations the car operates without an attendant, and the elevator controls are arranged to control the movements of the car automatically in response to service demand.

In 'such non-attendant systems, the car is automatically started in response to a demand for service registered by the landing or car call controls. It is accelerated toward the landing to be serviced, and, in advance of its arrival at such landing, the registered call is picked up and cancelled. As the call is picked up, slowdown and stopping are initiated, causing the car to deceleratc and level to a stop at such landing.

In order to properly control the car movements, such control systems must be accurately informed of the position and movement of the car in relation to landings for which service calls are registered. Prior at control arrange- 42 Claims Re. 27,185 Reissued Oct. 12, 1971 ice;

ments have obtained this information by employing one of several different types of landing or floor selectors which, in conjunction with controllers, control the elevator movements. One such selector is of a mechanical type in which floor bars are vertically spaced apart in proportion to the spacing between landings. Stationary contacts are mounted on such floor bars in position for engagement by brushes carried by a vertically movable carriage, termed a synchronous panel, which duplicates car movement. An advancer panel may be mounted on the movable carriage and moved relative thereto, in response to car movement, to advance fictitiously the position of the car; brushes carried by the advancer panel engaging cooperating stationary contacts in advance of the position of the synchronous panel. Alternatively, advancer functions may be provided by utilizing elongated stationary contacts or brushes on the floor bars and synchronous panel, respectively. Levelling control mechanisms, consisting of movable cams, their co-operating cam followers and associated switches are also often included in such mechanical type selectors. Another type of selector is the stepping switch or notching type wherein a brush assembly is notched or advanced by a predetermined discrete distance for each movement of an elevator car between successive landings. In this type of selector, the brush movement is independent of the spacing between successive landings. Examples of these prior art selectors will be found in the E. L. Dunn et a1. Pat. No. 2,074,578; the A. W. Noon 'Pat. No. 2,711,- 799 and the M. Stanley Pat. No. 2,014,821.

It should be noted that in these prior art selectors relatively movable parts such as movable carriages, brush assemblies, motor mechanisms, sliding contacts, cams, cam followers and switches have been employed. The controllers used in conjunction with such selectors usually are constructed of a relatively large number of electromagnetic switches. Switches having a considerable number of contacts are often used in order to provide all the desired control operations. Such equipment is bulky, heavy, consumes considerable power and is costly to install and maintain.

Such control systems are usually tailored to the particular installation, and, while some of the equipment and circuits are common to the installations, a considerable amount is variable to suit the requirements of the particular installation. This involves modification of the selector and the addition or removal of electromagnetic switches and the change of switches to provide a different number of control contacts.

Attempts have been made to improve upon such prior art arrangement. For example, the W. G. Hall et al., Pat. No. 2,806,554, issued Sept. 17, 1957, discloses a control arrangement in which a selector unit is provided for each landing. Each unit is constructed of various static type, electrical elements interconnected in such fashion as to produce a voltage output at an associated terminal in response to an input signal. Inductor type switches are utilized in the hoistway to provide input signals to the various selector units in response to car movement, the voltage outputs, appearing at the terminals, indicating in discrete steps the position of the car at the landings.

It is desirable to provide an elevator control system which is reliable in operation, and economical to install, operate and maintain.

It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide an elevator control system having an improved landing selector and controller.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an elevator system having a landing selector and controller constructed primarily of electronic and static elements.

In carrying out the invention according to the preferred embodiment, elevator control is eflected through logic circuitry constructed primarily of electronic and static components, such as electron tubes and solid state devices. Inputs to the logic circuitry are in terms of voltage and consist'of information relating to:

(1) The position and movement of the elevator car in relation to the landings (2) The speed of the car (3) The landings for which service demand is registered.

Control functions performed in response to the foregoing inputs include:'

(1) Establishing a direction of car travel (2) Starting of the car (3) Acceleration (4) Selecting a stop in advance of a traveling car (5) Cancellation, in advance of stopping, of the car and hall calls for selected stops (6) Deceleration (7) Leveling at a landing stop (8) Stopping.

The inputs relating to the position and movement of the elevator car are obtained by assigning a predetermined :ode to prescribed points along the path of travel of the :ar in the hoistway. Means are provided to read the code, is the position of the car coincides with such prescribed points, by selectively actuating a plurality of photoconductive switches, according to the predetermined code, produce gating of blocking voltage combinations. The gating voltage combinations which are thus generated are fed through a decoding matrix designed to translate the :ode read into car positions by providing voltage outputs ll. terminals corresponding to the predetermined positions )f the car in the hoistway; the appearance of a potential 11'. an output terminal of the matrix, indicating the posillOl'l of the car, corresponding to such terminal. The lumber of different combinations of unactuated and ictuated photoconductive switches obtainable (i.e., the lumber of possible gating voltage combinations), exclud ng the case where all photoconductive switches are in in unactuated state, may be expressed by the formula 23-1, where N represents the number of photoconductive lWitChBS provided and which may be actuated. For extmple, with 4 photoconductive switches, 15 different com- )inations of gating voltages are obtainable, each one of vhich combinations corresponds to a certain position of he car in the hoistway. With the addition of one photo- :onductive switch, increasing the number of photoconluctive switches from 4 to 5, the number of gating voltage :ombinations obtainable, and in turn the positions of the :ar which may be indicated, is approximately doubled to 51, and so on.

Information relating to the position of the car is ob- .ained, preferably for: the position of the car at each anding, whether or not it is within a stopping zone, :xtending a certain distance above and below each landing, 1nd the position of the car at preselected acceleration and leceleration distances from each landing. The landings for which service demand is registered is indicated in erms of voltages obtained directly from the hall and car :all registering circuits. The service demand voltage out- )uts, in conjunction with the car position voltages, are Fed to a comparison network which relates the car position 0 the location of the service demand, and in response hereto eifects the establishment of a direction of car ravel, and initiates car starting. Once a direction of car ravel is established, it is maintained until no further denand exists in that diretcion. As the car, in its movement rom the starting landing, arrives at prescribed acceleraion points, voltages appear at the matrix output terminals, :orresponding to such points, and are utilized to actuate :ar acceleration control mechanism.

The speed of the car is measured in terms of voltage vhich is utilized to produce voltage input signals, correiponding to certain car speeds. Advance circuitry relponds to such speed voltage input signals to produce output signals which fictitiously represent the car to be traveling in advance of its true or actual position by prescribed amounts in accordance with the car speed. The indicated advance car position is compared with the location of the registered service demand in a coincident network such that when the advance position of the car coincides with the location of the service demand, an output signal results, indicating selection of a stop, and which signal is utilized to stop operation of the advancer, initiate slowdown of the car and cancellation of the service demand for such landing stop.

As the car in its approach to the landing at which a stop is to be made moves past predetermined deceleration points, output signals at the aforementioned car position matrix terminals, corresponding to such deceleration points, indicates its movement past such points. A deceleration network compares the speed of the car with its position at such deceleration points to initiate, selectively, steps of retardation in accordance with the car speed at predetermined distances from the landing at which the stop is to be made.

Incident to slowdown, a second coincident network compares the actual car position with its advance, position, producing, when the two coincide as the car arrives at a level with the landing at which a stop is to be made, a voltage signal which is utilized to actuate stopping mechanism to bring the car to a stop at the landing. Should the car, in stopping, move out of a certain stopping zone, extending a certain distance above and below the landing, voltage signals from the car position matrix actuate leveling control mechanism to bring the car back to a level with the landing.

Features and advantages of the invention will be seen from the above, from the following description of the operation of the preferred embodiment when considered in conjunction with the drawings and from the appended claims.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic representation of an elevator installation in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary schematic representation of an enlarged view in perspective of certain of the control elements of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic wiring diagram of a photoconductive switch operable in response to light, and a block symbol which will be used to indicate the switch in circuits in which it occurs;

FIG. 4 is a schematic wiring diagram of a power amplifier utilized in certain of the circuits, and a block symbol which will be used to indicate the amplifier in circuits in which it occurs;

FIG. 5 is a schematic wiring diagram of an And circuit element representative of various And elements used in certain of the circuits, and a block symbol to in dicate the And elements in circuits in which they occur;

FIG. 6 is a schematic wiring diagram of a flip-flop utilized in certain of the circuits, and a block symbol to indicate the flip-flop in circuits in which it occurs;

FIG. 7 is a schematic wiring diagram of another form of power amplifier utilized in certain of the circuits, and a block symbol to indicate the amplifier in circuits in which it occurs;

FIG. 8 is a schematic wiring diagram of ear position translating and memory circuits;

FIG. 9 is a schematic wiring diagram of service demand registering circuits for the elevator of FIG. 1, and includes a portion of the direction control circuits;

FIG. 10 is a schematic wiring diagram of the remainder of the direction control circuits;

FIG. 11 is a simplified schematic wiring diagram of hoisting motor and hoisting motor control circuits;

FIG. 12 is a schematic wiring diagram of acceleration and deceleration control circuits;

FIG. 12a is a schematic wiring diagram of an acceleration-deceleration memory circuit used in conjunction with the circuits of FIG. 12;

FIG. 13 is a schematic wiring diagram of the circuits of the tachometer generator TG of FIG. 1, and includes circuitry for indicating the speed of the car in terms of voltage in accordance with the voltage output of the tachometer generator;

FIG. 14 is a schematic wiring diagram of car position advancer and advanced car position memory circuits;

FIG. 15 is a schematic wiring diagram of coincident circuits for car and hall call advance pickup and cancellation, and stop initiation circuits;

FIG. 16 is a schematic wiring diagram of a counting circuit;

FIG. 17 is a schematic Wiring diagram of stop control circuits;

FIG. 18 is a schematic wiring diagram of a portion of the advancer disabling circuits;

FIGS. 19, 20 and 21 are schematic wiring diagrams of leveling control circuits;

FIG. 22 is a schematic wiring diagram of the remainder of the advancer disabling circuits;

FIG. 23 is a schematic wiring diagram of circuits which insure the reversal of the car at its furthest call notwithstanding the subsequent registration of a still further call;

FIG. 24 is a block diagram indicating the operative association of the control elements of the elevator system with each other; and

FIG. 25 is a spindle sheet for use in side-by-side alignment with FIGS. 10 through 18, 20, 21 and 23 for locating in such figures the coils and contacts of electromagnetic switches, the number of the figure in which a particular coil or pair of contacts appears being appended, in brackets, to the particular designation of that coil or pair of contacts.

Referring to FIG. 1, car CA is raised and lowered by means of hoisting motor M, which motor drives a traction sheave 1 over which pass hoisting ropes 2, connecting the car to its counterweight CW. A tachometer generator TG is coupled to the drive shaft 4 of hoisting motor M to produce a voltage output which is proportional in magnitude to the speed of the car. An electromagnetic brake B is provided and is applied to eflFect the final stopping operation and to hold the car when at rest.

For convenience, in the arrangement illustrated, the car has been shown as serving six landings, designated 1L through 6L. Controls are provided at the landings to enable intending passengers to register landing calls, and up control U and a down control D being provided at each intermediate landing and one control at each terminal landing. The car is provided with a car operating panel 5, on which are located a plurality of controls C, one for each landing L, for registering car calls. Prefix numeral designations are applied to the landing call controls U, D and car call controls C to indicate the landings for which they are provided. These call controls will hereinafter be termed landing buttons and car buttons, respectively, and their circuits are shown in FIG. 9 wherein gas tubes of the 1C21 type bear the call button designations.

Means for indicating the position of the car at predetermined points in the hoistway for control purposes are provided, and include a light shield 7 (FIG. 1) in the form of a fiat flexible tape of steel or other suitable material. Light shield tape 7 passes over an idler sheave 8 and is connected at its ends to car CA and counterweight CW, respectively, so as to duplicate movement of the car. Mounted stationary in the hoistway adjacent to and on one side of tape 7 is a light source LS. On the opposite side of tape 7 is mounted a container DE in which five photoconductive cells C1 through 5 of the Clairex CL3 type are secured in a row which is skewed upwardly at an acute angle with the horizontal.

As may be seen from FIG. 2, wherein light source LS, cells LC1-5 and a portion of tape 7 for the position of the car at the second landing are illustrated in enlarged fashion, tape 7 is provided with a plurality of slots arranged in horizontally skewed rows of 5, located for alignment with cells LCl-S; the rows of slots being spaced apart along the tape length to correspond to predetermined positions of the car in the hoistway. Slots 1-4 in each row are utilized tocode the tape rows according to corresponding positions of the car. The coding is accomplished by applying masking strips 9 of opaque material over certain of the slots 1-4 to obtain rows having various combinations of masked and unmasked slots, in accordance with a predetermined code, such that the particular code combination of each row designates its corresponding car position.

With this arrangement, the possible combinations of masked and unmasked slots 14, excluding the condition of all 4 slots being masked, may be expressed by the formula 2 1, yielding 15 code combinations which may be utilized to code the rows of slots to designate corresponding car positions. Only 14 of the possible 15 combinations are used, 1 for each of the 6 landings served, 2 to establish levelling back points a certain distance above and below each landing, and 6 for acceleration and deceleration points positioned at predetermined points between successive landings. For example, the row designated TCP2, corresponding to the position of the car at the second landing, is coded by masking slots 1, 2 and 4, row designated TCP3 for the position of the car at the third landing has slots 1 and 2 masked, while slots 1 in up levelling rows LU and slots 2, 3 and 4 in down leveling rows LD are masked. Acceleration-deceleration rows ADl have slots 2 and 3 masked, rows AD'2 slots 2 and 4, rows AD3 slot 2, etc.

It may be noted that by increasing the number of slots used to code the car positions by one, from 4 to 5, the number of car positions which may be desigated is increased from 15 to 31 (using the aforementioned formula 2 -1) so that the subject arrangement may be utilized to indicate the position of a car in a twenty-three landing installation instead of in the six landing installation described herein.

As tape 7 duplicates movement of the car, the coded rows of slots move in sequence into alignment with the photosensitive or light cells, such that light from light source LS passes through the unmasked slots in the row then aligned with the light or photosensitive cells, striking the corresponding photosensitive or light cells (LC1-5) which are activated in response to the light. Slot 5- is made smaller than the others and is left unmasked in each of the rows to serve as a read out slot which insures that the code of a row is read only when that row is in proper alignment with cells LC15. For example, for the position of the car shown at the second landing 2L, light from light source LS passes through unmasked slots 3 and 5 of row TCP2, striking the corresponding light cells LC3 and LCS. This combination of activated and unactivated light cells, i.e., light cells LC3 and 5 activated and light cells LC1, LC2 and LC4 unactivated, denotes that the car is at the second landing. The manner in which the activation of selected combinations of light cells LC1-4, denoting car position, is utilized in the control system will be described hereinafter.

In lieu of providing the illustrated coded tape arrangement to denote car position, light source LS and light cells LCl-S may be carried by the car, and light shields; each having certain slots defined therein, according to a predetermined code and denoting a particular position of the car; may be mounted at predetermined points in the hoistway along the path of car travel in position to project between the light source LS and light cells LC1-5, as the car arrives at such points. Alternately, magnetically actuatable switches may be carried by the car and selec tively actuated according to a predetermined code by permanent magnets mounted along the path of car travel to produce combinations of actuated and unanctuated switches, denoting car position. Other ararngements for selectively producing certain code combinations, denoting the position of the car, readily suggest themselves and may also be utilized within the scope of this invention.

The electromagnetic switches employed in the control system illustrated are designated as follows:

1ACCFirst accelerating switch 2ACCSecond accelerating switch 3ACCThird accelerating switch CXDDown call reversal switch CXU-Up call reversal switch DDown switch lDEC-First decelerating switch ZDEC-Second decelerating switch 3DECThird decelerating switch DLDown leveling switch DS-Down stopping switch 1EFirst speed switch 2ESecond speed switch 3EThird speed switch I-IBrake switch NT-Stop time switch ROStop switch TDLAuxiliary down leveling switch TULAuxi-liary up leveling switch U-Up switch UL-Up leveling switch US-Up stopping switch XDDown direction memory switch XU-Up direction memory switch Z-Advancer disabling switch In the circuits which will be described, the foregoing identifying letters and prefix numerals are applied to the coils of the electromagnetic switches and, with reference numerals appended thereto, are applied to the contacts of the switches to differentiate between difiFerent sets of contacts on the same switch, all contacts being shown for the unoperated condition of the switches.

Condensers are generally designated C, resistors R, silicon diodes V and tubes T (except the call button tubes U, D and C of FIG. 9), prefix and Suffix letters and/or numerals being appended thereto to differentiate similar circuit elements from each other. All tubes T are gas tetrodes of the 5727 type, connected as triodes, and all silicon diodes V are of the lN1693 type.

- Power is supplied to the circiuts from sources (not shown); direct power being supplied over supply lines 3+, B1+, 132+, B and B0, and alternating power over supply line AC; B acting as a common ground for both alternating and direct power.

a In order to render the circuits more readily understandable, they are arranged in separate figures having to do with certain control operations and the interconnections between figures are indicated by giving the wires in those figures from which voltages are taken and the wires in those figures to which these voltages are applied the same designating characters. In addition, the wires in those figures from which the voltages are taken are indicated as going to the figures to which the voltages are applied by means of lead brackets, bearing the interconnecting figure designations, while the designating characters of the wires in those figures to which voltages are applied have appended numbers in brackets, indicating the figures in which the source voltages appear. For example, the source voltage wires A to K, appearing in FIG. 9, are indicated by a lead bracket as applying the source voltages to FIGS. 10 and 22, while the bracketed numeral suffix (9) aflixed to wires A to K in FIG. 10 indicates that these wires are connected to the respective source wires A to K in FIG. 9. This avoids the mass of interconnecting wires which would be present if the circiuts were arranged in a single figure on several sheets of drawings and the interconnections made between these sheets, and yet enables the connections to be readily ascertained. In some figures, connection from a source voltage wire is made at more than one point. When the cross-connections of wires to indicate such multiple connections would make the circuits less readily followable, such cross-connections have not been made, but the wires are given the same designation. As an example, reference may be made to FIG. 12 where the connecting together of all the EXU (10) wires, all the ACC (12a) wires, all the DEC (12a) wires, all the EXD (10) wires, etc. would involve a considerable amount of crossing of wires and thus complicate the readability of the circuits.

For the sake of clarity and brevity certain circuit arrangements which are utilized in several instances in the control circuits which follow have been illustrated, as individual circuits, in FIGS. 3 through 7, each circuit arrangement being shown within a broken line outline bearing identifying letter designations. In the control circuits in which these various circuit arrangements are used, they are each represented by a block symbol, having appropriate interconnecting wires, and bearing the letter designation corresponding to the circuit arrangement represented, with pefix and suffix letters and/ or numerals being appended thereto to differentiate similar circuit arrangements from each other. For example, the circuit arrangement of FIG. 3, the broken line outline of which is designated PHA, is represented by block symbol PHA, having output wires a, b, as shown in FIG. 3, and in the circuits of FIG. 8, wherein it is used five times, is represented by the block symbols designated PHAl through PHAS.

FIG. 3 illustrates circuitry for obtaining an output signal at either of output wires a or b in accordance with the response to light of a photoconductive cell LC, one such circuit being provided for each of the light cells LC1-5 of FIG. 2. Transistors GT1, GT2 are of the General Electric 2Nl67 type, each having base b, emitter e and collector c electrodes, the emitter electrodes being connected in common to supply line B+ which is at substantially zero potential. The collector electrode c of transistor GT1 is connected through resistor R1 to the base electrode b of transistor GT2 and through resistor R2 to supply line B2+. The collector electrode 0 of transistor GT2 is connected through resistor R3 to supply line B2+. The base electrode b of transistor GT1 is connected through resistor R4 to supply line B0 and through photoconductive cell LC to supply line B1+. Output wires a and b are connected directly to collector electrode c of transistor GT2, GT1, respectively.

Photoconductive cell LC, as has been previously stated, is of the Clairex CL3 type, and is of relatively high resistive impedance, which impedance decreases appreciably in response to light striking the cell. When power is applied to the circuits of FIG. 3, current flows in the base circuit of transistor GT1 from supply line B1+ through photoconductive cell LC and base resistor R4 to supply line B0. The ohmic value of base resistor R4 is selected relative to the impedance of cell LC such that, under conditions where photoconductive cell LC is shielded from light, approximately the entire potential applied across the base circuit appears across cell LC, while only a relatively small positive potential appears across base resistor R4. This relatively small potential is of insufficient magnitude to bias the base electrode b of transistor GT1 suificiently positive with respect to its emitter electrode e to cause conduction through its emitter-collector circuit. Thus, with cell LC shielded from light, transistor CTl is prevented from conducting through its emitter-collector circuit and the applied potential of supply line B2+ appears at output wire b as an output signal. The base electrode b of transistor GT2 is biased from supply line B2+ through resistors R2, R1 sufficiently positive with respect to its emitter-electrode e to cause transistor GT2 to conduct through its emitter-collector circuit, extending from supply line B2-|- through resistor R3 to supply line B+. Transistor GT2, when in conducting condition, has an extremely low internal impedance, causing substantially a zero voltage drop to appear across its emitter-collector electrodes, and in turn at output wire a. In elfect, transistor GT2, when conducting, acts as a current sink in that it provides an extremely low impedance path to current flow from output wire a to supply line B1+ for signals of positive polarity applied to output Wire a, for purposes to be explained hereinafter.

Under conditions where light strikes photoconductive cell LC, the impedance of the cell decreases appreciably, causing an increase in current flow in the base circuit of transistor GT1, extending through cell LC and base resistor R4. This increased current fiow causes a positive potential to appear across base resistor R4 of a magnitude to bias the base electrode b of transistor GT1 sufiiciently positive with respect to its emitter electrode e to cause it to conduct through its emitter-collector circuit, extending from supply line B2+ through resistor R2 to supply line B+. As transistor GT1 conducts, its internal impedance decreases to near zero, causing substantially zero potential to appear across its emitter-collector electrodes. This substantially zero potential at the collector electrode c of transistor GT1 causes a reduction of the positive bias formerly applied by Way of resistors R2, R1 to base electrode b of transistor GT2. This reduction is sufiicient to cause base electrode b to become slightly negative with respect to its associated emitter electrode e, thereby causing transistor GT2 to cease conducting through its emitter-collector circuit. With the transfer of conduction from transistor GT2 to transistor GT1, substantially zero potential appears at output wire b, which is connected directly to the collector electrode of conducting transistor GT1; while the potential of supply line B2+ appears at output wire a, connected directly to the collector electrode 0 of transistor GT2. When photoconductive cell LC is again shielded from light, conduction is transferred from transistor GT1 back to transistor GT2, causing the potential of line B2+ to appear again at output wire 1), while substantially zero potential appears at output wire a.

In summary, the circuitry of FIG. 3 comprises a photoconductive switch, actuatable, in response to light striking light cell LC, from a first condition to a second condition, and, when light cell LC is again shielded from light, back to its first condition. With cell LC shielded from light, the potential of supply line B2+ appears at output wire b, while a low impedance path is provided from output wire a to line B+ through the emitter-collector circuit of transistor GT2 (then in conducting condition). When light strikes cell LC, the potential of supply line B2+ is transferred from output wire b to a, while a low impedance path is provided from output wire b to line B+ through the emitter-collector circuit of transistor GT1 (then in conducting condition).

FIG. 4, illustrates circuitry for power amplification of an input signal to obtain a pulsating direct current output signal. Tube T1 is a gas thyratron of the 5727 type, having cathode c, grid g, plate p and suppressor sg electrodes, the suppressor sg and cathode c electrodes being connected together. Plate electrode p is connected by supply line AC to an alternating power source (not shown) while cathode electrode 0 is connected through cathode resistor R5 to supply line B0. Grid electrode g is connected through grid resistors R6, R7 to supply line B-.

With power applied to the circuits of FIG. 4 and in the absence of an input signal at the grid circuit of tube T1, the grid electrode g is biased sufiiciently negative with respect to the cathode electrode 0 to maintain tube T1 in non-conducting condition. Application to the grid circuit of tube T1 of an input signal of sufficient positive polarity to overcome the applied negative grid bias causes tube T1 to fire and conduct on positive half cycles of the applied alternating plate voltage, conduction taking place through its cathode plate circuit, extending through cathode resistor R5. An amplified output signal is obtained from across cathode resistor R5 in the form of pulsating direct current. Upon removal of the input signal, tube T1 returns to non-conducting condition on the next succeeding negative half cycle of the applied plate voltage, removing the amplified output signal.

FIG. 5 illustrates a circuit for obtaining an output signal only under circumstances where all of a plurality of input signals or conditions are simultaneously present, commonly termed an And circuit. For convenience, the circuit has been illustrated as having four inputs 1N1-4, it being understood that similar And circuits having a lesser or greater number of inputs may be utilized in the circuits which follow. Each input wire (1N1-4) is connected through a blocking input diode (VI-4) to a common junction point P, which point in turn is connected through line resistor 10R tosupply line B+. Output wire 0 is connected through blocking output diode V5 to common junction point P and through output resistor R to supply line B0. An input resistor (1R14) is provided for each input wire (1N1-4) and connects the left side of the associated input diode (V14-) to supply line B0. The blocking diodes V1-5 act to electrically isolate the input circuits from the output circuits and from each other. Input resistors 1R14 and output resistor 100R have been shown as part of the circuitry of FIG. 5 merely to aid in the explanation of its operation. In actual practice, these resistors 1R14, 100R form part of the respective input and output circuits to which the And circuit is interconnected.

For purposes of explanation, let it be assumed that line resistor 10R has an ohmic value ten times greater than input resistors (1R1-4), while output resistor 100R has an ohmic value 100 times greater than the input resistors (1R1-4). With such an arrangement and in the absence of applied input signals to wires 1N1-4, substantially all of the line current flows from supply line B|- through the paths of least resistance, extending through line resistor 10R, input diodes V1-4 and their corresponding input resistors 1R1-4 to supply line B0, only a relatively minute portion of the line current flowing through output resistor 100R. Under such conditions, substantially no potential appears across output resistor 100R so that the And circuit effectively does not produce an output signal. This is so, since in the absence of input signals to the And circuit and with resistors 10R, 1R14 and 100R having the aforementioned ohmic portions relative to each other, each current input path from supply line B+ to supply line B0 through input diodes V1-4 and their respective associated input resistors 1R1-4 oifers an extremely low impedance path to current flow relative to the impedance path available through output resistor 100R. Thus, each individual input path to supply line B0 acts as a current sink for current flow from supply line 13+; the existence of only one such low impedance input path being sufiiclent to substantially prevent current flow in the output circuit and the production of an output signal from the And circuit.

The application of a blocking signal to any one of the input wires 1N1-4 of the And circuit acts to block the flow of current from supply line B+ through the input diode (VI-4) and resistor (1R1-4) associated with the mput wire to which such signal is applied. For example, the application of a signal of positive polarity, say, to input wire 1N1, which signal is of a magnitude to raise the potential at the left side or input diode V1 with respect to the potential at its right side sutficiently to prevent substantially current flow from supply line B+ through mput diode V1, and resistor R1, effectively blocks the low impedance path through input diode V1 to supply line B0. However, so long as a blocking signal is absent at any one of the input wires 1N1-4, at least one path of low Impedance exists from supply line B+ to supply line B0 through the input diodes (VI-4) and resistors (1R1-4), thereby substantially preventing current flow through output resistor 100R and, consequently, the productron of an output signal from the And circuit. For example, in the absence of a blocking signal to input wire 1N3, while blocking signals are applied to input wires 1N1, 2 and 4, substantially the entire current flow from supply line B+ is through the low impedance input 1 1 path extending through input diode V3 and input resistor 1R3 to supply line B0, thereby effectively preventing the production of an output signal across Output resistor 100R and from the And circuit.

Under conditions where all inputs to the And circuit are blocked simultaneously (i.e., signals of positive polarity and sufficient magnitude are applied to all of the input circuits simultaneously so as to block all the paths of low impedance to current flow from supply line B+ through input diodes V1-4), all of the input conditions to the And circuit are said to be simultaneously present and current flows from supply line B+ through line resistor 10R, output diode V and output resistor 100R to supply line B0, causing an output signal to appear across output resistor 100R and from the And circuit. As soon as any one of the blocking signals or input conditions is removed, current will again flow through the low impedance input circuit to supply line B0, and substantially cease to flow through output resistor 100R, again effectively removing the output signal from the And circuit.

It is to be understood that in lieu of applying blocking signals to block the low impedance input paths, the input circuits may be blocked and the input condition supplied by interrupting the circuits from supply line B+ to supply line B0 through input diodes V14 and resistors 1R14. For example a pair of normally closed switch contacts (not shown) may be inserted in circuit between input resistor 1R1 and input diode V1, and actuated to open condition to interrupt the path of low impedance to current flow through such input circuit, thereby blocking that input and supplying the input condition Without the application of a blocking signal to input wire 1N1. Such an arrangement is utilized in And circuit AD (FIG. 18) wherein a low impedance input path via wire EYD through normally engaged contacts XU13 (FIG. 22) and the collector-emitter circuit of transistor GT3 (when conducting), as will hereinafter be described, may be interrupted by the actuation of contacts XU13 to separated condition, thereby effectively applying a blocking signal to And circuit AD.

In summary, an input path may be said to be blocked" when a positive potential of a certain magnitude is applied to the left-hand side of its associated input diode (VI4), or when its input diode is disconnected at its left side from line B0, even though no potential is applied to the lefthand side of such input diode. Therefore, in the description which follows, such input paths under such conditions will be referred to as blocked. Under opposite conditions, where the input path to line B0 is a low impedance one, the input path will be referred to as unblocked.

FIG. 6 illustrates a flip-flop circuit which, in response to set and reset input signals, provides an output signal over either of output wires 01 or 02. Gas tubes T2 and T3, of the 5727 type, are connected as triodes and have their plate electrodes p connected through a common plate resistor R12 to supply line B+. The cathode electrode c of tube T2 is connected through a cathode circuit, consisting of resistor R13 connected in parallel with condenser C13, to supply line B0, while the cathode electrode 0 of tube T3 is similarly connected to supply line B0 through the parallel resistor-capacitor R14, C14 circuit.

When power is applied to the flip-flop circuit, the grid electrodes g of both tubes are biased from supply line B- sufiiciently negative with respect to their respective cathode electrodes c to maintain the tubes in nonconducting condition. The application to the grid circuit of tube T2 of a set signal of positive polarity and sufficient magnitude to counteract the applied negative grid bias causes that tube to fire and conduct through its cathode-plate circuit, extending through common plate resistor R12 and the parallel resistor-capacitor R13, C13 circuit. The applied plate voltage is of sufficient magnitude, such that once conduction of the tube is initiated, it is maintained in conducting condition after the set signal is removed. The ohmic value of cathode resistor R13 is selected relative to the value of plate resistor R12 such that the largest portion of the applied plate voltage appears across cathode resistor R13, and in turn, at output wire 01. Once conduction is initiated, the potential across tube T2 remains constant, and cathode condenser C13 charges to the potential appearing across its parallel cathode resistor R13. Next assume that reset signal is applied to the grid circuit of tube T3, which reset signal is of positive polarity and sufficient magnitude to cause tube T3 to fire and conduct through its cathode-plate circuit, extending through common plate resistor R12 and the parallel resistor-capacitor R14, C14 circuit. As tube T3 conducts, the impedance to the applied plate voltage decreases, causing an increase in current flow through common plate resistor R12 with a consequent increase in the potential appearing across that resistor. Conduction through tube T3 also causes a potential to develop across its cathode resistor R14, which potential appears at output Wire 02. Condenser C14 in parallel with cathode resistor R14 charges to this potential. However, since the charge on condenser C13 in the cathode circuit of tube T2 cannot change instantaneously, the increase in the potential appearing across common plate resistor R12 in the tube plate circuit (due to the conduction of tube T3) causes the potential appearing across tube T2 to decrease below the sustaining value of the tube, which then ceases to conduct. As tube T2 ceases to conduct, condenser C13 discharges through cathode resistor R13 to supply line B0, causing the removal of the output signal at wire 01. At the same time, the current through common plate resistor R12 and, in turn, the potential appearing across that resistor decreases to its previous value. This decrease causes a slight increase in the potential appearing across resistor R14 in the cathode circuit of tube T3 to which increased potential condenser C14 charges, and which potential appears at output wire 02. The application of a subsequent set signal to the grid circuit of tube T2 similarly transfers conduction from tube T3 back to T2, causing in turn the transfer of the output signal from output wire 02 back to output wire 01. In this manner, the flip-flop circuit of FIG. 6, in response to set and reset input signals produces an output signal at either output wire 01 or 022, depending upon which input signal is applied.

FIG. 7 illustrates circuitry for power amplification of an input signal to obtain a filtered, direct current output signal. Gas tube T4 of the 57247 type is connected as a triode. An alternating voltage is applied over supply lines AC, B0 to its plate-cathode circuit which includes cathode resistor R18. A negative bias is applied over supply lines B, B0 to the grid-cathode circuit of tube T4, which bias, in the absence of an input signal, is of sufficient magnitude to maintain the tube in nonconducting condition. The application of an input signal across the grid-cathode circuit of tube T4 of sufficient positive polarity to overcome the applied negative grid bias causes the tube to fire and conduct on positive half cycles of the applied plate voltage, conduction taking place through its cathode-plate circuit, extending through cathode resistor R18. An am- .plified output signal is obtained from across cathode resistor R18, and is filtered through the tank circuit, consisting of resistor R20 and capacitor C20 to provide a signal of filtered direct current character.

FIGS. 8, 9 and 13 illustrate circuitry for obtaining information regarding the movement of the car and the demand for service in terms of voltage for use as input signals to logic circuitry which controls the car movement in response to the service demand.

FIG. 8 shows circuitry for translating the aforementioned code of the rows of slots on tape 7 (FIGS. 1 and 2), which coded rows correspond to the aforementioned preselected positions of car CA in the hoistway, into voltage output signals, corresponding to such preselected car positions, as the car in its movements coincides with such positions. The code translating circuitry of FIG. 8 includes five photoconductive switches PHAl-S, shown as block symbols representative of the previously described switch circuit of FIG. 3, one switch being provided for each of the-light cells LCl-S of FIG. 2. A matrix is provided in FIG. 8 and consists of the output wires a, b of photoconductive switches PHA1'5, connected at certain points by means of matrix blocking diodes, generally designated V, toline wires W114, one end of which line-=wires is connected through line resistors R1-1'4, respectively, to supply line B+. The other ends of line wires W1-14 terminate in matrix output terminals M'1-14, corresponding to the aforementioned predetermined positions of the car in the hoistway; terminals M1-6 corresponding tothe position of the car at landings 1L6L, respectively; terminals M7, M8 to the position of the car at a certain leveling back distance below and above, respectively, a landing, and terminals M914 to the position of the car at certain acceleration-deceleration points between adjacent landings. As will be described hereinafter; the circuit arrangement is such that the appearance of asignal at a matrix output terminal (Ml-14) indicates that the car is at the hoistway position corresponding to such terminal.

Matrix output terminals M9-14 are connected directly to the respective inputs of amplifiers APA1-6, shown as block symbols representative of the previously described amplifier circuit of FIG. 4, for amplification of signals appearing at such matrix output terminals. Matrix output terminals M1-6 are connected through blocking diodes VC1;-6, respectively, to the input of amplifier APA7 for amplification of their respective signals and, in addition, are onnected to the grid circuits of tubes TCl-G, respectively, of a true car position memory circuit, shown in broken line outline and generally designated MTCP.

Tubes TC1-6 of the true car position memory circuit are of the gas diode 5727 type, connected as triodes and have their plate electrodes p connected through common plate resistor RL to supply line B+. The cathode circuit of each tube (TC1-6) consists of a parallel resistorcapacitor (R1C1R6C6) circuit, connecting its associated cathode electrode c to supply line B0. In the absence of input signals to the grid circuits of tubes TC1-6 from matrix output terminals Ml-fi, respectively, the tubes are baised to nonconducting condition over supply line B, connected to their respective grid circuits. Grid capacitors CG1-6 are provided for noise filtration.

In recapitulation of the operation of photoconductive switches PHAl-S, it may be recalled that, under conditions where photoconductive light cell LC (FIG. 3) is shielded from light, the potential of supply line B2+ appears at output wire b, while a low impendance path is provided from output wire a (through transistor GT2 in conducting condition) to supply line B1+, which low impedance path acts as a current sink to signals of positive polarity applied to output wire a. This may be termed the unoperated condition of the photoconductive switch. When light strikes light cell LC, the photoconductive switch may be said to be actuated to operated condition, potential B2+ being transferred from output wire b to a, while an extremely low impedance path or current sink is provided for signals of positive polarity applied to output'wire b, the path extending from output wire b through transistor GT1 (in conducting condition) to supply line B1-].

Photoconductive switches PHA1-S are utilized in the circuitry of FIG. 8 to provide either a low impedance path for current flow from supply line B+ over line wires W1-14 through their respective line resistors R1-14 and the matrix blocking diodes V, interconnecting line wires W1-14 to output wires a, b of the photoconductive switches, or to block such current flow through the matrix diodes. Current flow through matrix blocking diode V may be said to be blocked when either of the output wires a or b of the photoconductive switches apply the aforementioned potential of supply line B2+ (FIG. 3) to the left side of the matrix diode. Current flow through a matrix diode V (FIG. 8) may be said to be unblocked under conditions where either of the outut wires a or b of the photoconductive switches present a current sink at the left side of the matrix diode. Under conditions where any one of the interconnecting matrix blocking diodes V of a line wire (W114) is unblocked, substantially all of the current flow from supply line 8+ and through the line resistor (RI-14) associated with such line wire (WI-14) is through such unblocked matrix diode V, eflectively preventing the appearance of a signal at the matrix output terminal (Ml-14) of that line wire. Only under conditions where all the matrix blocking diodes V of a line wire (W114) are blocked does a signal appear at the output terminal (Ml-14) of such line wire. The matrix blocking diodes V, interconnect line wires W114 with output wires a, b of the photoconductive switches in such a manner that a signal appears at the matrix output terminals (Ml-14) only when the position of the car coincides with the predetermined points (previously described) in the hoistway, which points correspond to the matrix output terminals.

Under conditions where the car coincides with such a point, the coded row of slots on tape 7 (FIG. 2), corresponding to that car position, is, by car movement, brought into alignment with light cells LC15. Light passing through the unmasked slots in such aligned row strikes the corresponding light cells, selectively actuating their associated photoconductive switches (PHAl-S), thereby providing a specific combination of operated and unoperated photoconductive switches PHA15 (FIG. 8). This combination blocks all of the matrix diodes V, interconnecting the line wire (WI-14) whose output terminal (Ml-14) corresponds to the car position, causing an output signal to appear at the matrix output terminal (Ml-14) of such line wire, thereby indicating the position of the car in the hoistway.

For example, for the position of the car at the second landing 2L, coded tape row TCP2 (FIG. 2) is in alignment with light cells LCl-S, causing light passing through unmasked slots 3 and 5 to strike light cells LC3, LC5. Under such conditions, photoconductive switches PHA3 and 5 (FIG. 8) are activated to operated condition, applying the blocking potential of supply line B2+ (FIG. 3) to the left side of the matrix diodes V (FIG. 8) connected to their respective switch output wires a, and present low impedance paths to current flow through the matrix diodes V connected to their respective output wires b. Photoconductive switches PHAI, 2 and 4, associated with light cells LC1, 2 and 4-, which cells are shielded from light, remain in unoperated condition. In such condition, photoconductive switches PHAl, 2 and 4 provide a blocking potential to the left side of the matrix blocking diodes V connected to their respective output wires b, while presenting low impedance paths to current flow through the matrix diodes V connected to their respective output wires a.

Underthe aforementioned operated and unoperated conditions of photoconductive switches PHA15, by looking at the matrix arrangement of FIG. 8, it is seen that low impedance paths are provided by output wires a, b of the photoconductive switches for current flow from supply line B+ over all of the line wires W1-14, except line Wire W2, thereby preventing an output signal from appearing at matrix output terminals M1, M314. For example, output wire a of photoconductive switch PHAl presents a low impedance path for current flow from line wires W8-14 through matrix diodes V8-1a to V14-1a, effectively preventing a signal output appearing at matrix output terminals M8-14; output wire a of photoconductive switch PHA2 presents a path of low impedance for current flow from line wires W47, through matrix diodes V42a to V7-2a, effectively preventing output signals appearing at matrix output terminals M-4-7, and output wire a of 15 photoconductive switch PHA4 allows substantially all the current flow from line wires W1 and W3 to flow through matrix diodes V14a, V3-4-a, respectively, effectively preventing the appearance of an output signal at matrix output terminals M1 and M3. On the other hand, the only path provided for current flow from supply line B+ over line wire W2 is through line resistor R2 to output terminal M2; the paths through matrix diodes V2-1b, V2-2b, V2-3a, V24b and V2'5a all being blocked by the aforementioned conditions of photoconductive switches PHAl-S for the position of the car at the second landing 2L. Thus, a signal appears at matrix output terminal M2, indicating that the car is at the second landing.

Similarly, for the position of the car at other of the predetermined points in the hoistway, light passing through the unmasked slots of the coded tape rows, corresponding to such points, selectively actuates photoconductive switches PHAl-S to block the matrix diodes V of the line wires (WI-14) whose output terminals (M1- 14) correspond to the position of the car at such points, thereby selectively causing output signals to appear at output terminals (M144) in accordance with the position of the car at such points. In this manner, the tape code is translated into voltage signals which appear at the matrix terminals (M114), corresponding to certain positions of the car, for application to the inputs of car control circuitry, as will be later described.

The true car position memory circuit MTCP portion of FIG. 8 is utilized to remember the position of the car at a landing until the car, in traveling, arrives at the next succeeding landing. For example, for the position of the car at the second landing 2L, the signal appearing at matrix output terminal M2 is applied to the grid circuit of tube TC2 of memory circuit MTCP. This signal counteracts the applied negative grid bias of the tube sufficiently to cause it to fire and conduct through its cathodeplate circuit, extending from supply line B-+ through common plate resistor RL, tube TC2 and the parallel resistor-capacitor R2, C2 cathode circuit to supply line B0. As current flows through the cathode-plate circuit of tube TC2, voltage drops appear across plate resistor RL and cathode resistor R2. Cathode capacitor C2 charges to the potential appearing at the cathode electrode c of the tube, which potential appears at output wire TCP2, indicating the position of the car at the second landing.

Next assume that the car travels toward the third landing. As the car leaves the second landing, tape 7 (FIGS. 1 and 2) follows the car movement, moving unmasked slots 3 and 5 of coded tape row TCP2 out of alignment with light cells LC3 and 5, thereby shielding them. from light. Photoconductive switches PHA3 and 5 (FIG. 8), associated with formerly unshielded cells L'C3 and 5, return to unoperated condition, removing the blocking signals from the left-hand side of matrix blocking diodes V2-3a, V2-5a, respectively, thereby causing the removal of the signal appearing at matrix output terminal M2 and the grid of memory tube TC2. However, the plate voltage applied to memory tube TC2 is of sufficient magnitude to maintain it in conducting condition, notwithstanding removal of the firing signal from its grid circuit. Thus, tube TC2 remains in conducting condition, the signal appearing at output wire TCP2, indicating a memory of the position of the car at the second landing.

As the car arrives at the third landing, as has been previously described, an output signal appears at matrix output terminal M3, corresponding to the position of the car at the third landing. This signal is applied to the grid circuit of memory tube TC3, causing that tube to fire and conduct through its cathode-plate circuit, extending through common plate resistor RL- and parallelled resistor-capacitor R3, C3. As current flows through the cathode-plate circuit of tube TC3, a voltage drop appears across cathode resistor R3, charging capacitor C3 to the potential at the cathode electrode of tube TC3, which potential appears at output wire TCP3, indicating a memcry of the car at the third landing. The reduction in cir cuit impedance to the applied plate voltage, due to both tubes TC2, TC3 conducting, causes an increase in current flow through common plate resistor RL, and a consequent increase in the voltage drop across that resistor. Since the voltage drop across capacitor C2 in the cathode circuit of tube T C2 cannot change instantaneously, the voltage drop appearing across the cathode-plate electrodes of tube TC2 is reduced below the sustaining value of the tube, causing the tube to cease conducting and extinguish: As condenser C2 discharges through resistor R2 to zero value, the potential at the cathode electrode c of tube TC2 and at output wire TCP2 decreases to zero, removing the memory of the position of the car at the second landing.

As tube TC2 ceases to conduct, current flow through common plate resistor RL and, in turn, the voltage drop across that resistor return to their previous value. This causes a slight increase in the voltage drop appearing across cathode resistor R3 and the potential at the cathode-electrode c of tube TC3. Cathode condenser 03 charges to this new potential which then appears at output wire TCP3. As the car leaves the third landing, the tube firing signal applied from matrix output terminal M3 to the grid circuit of tube TC3 is removed, as has been previously explained. However, tube TC3 is maintained in conducting condition by its applied plate voltage, thereby remembering the position of the car at the third landing, which position is indicated by the signal appearing at output wire TCP3.

As the car arrives at the fourth landing, a signal appears at matrix output terminal M4, corresponding tothe position of the car at the fourth landlng. This causes conduction to be transferred from tube TC3 to tube TC4 in a manner similar to that previously described for the travel of the car from the second to the third landing, causing the removal of the signal at output wlre TCI3 and the appearance of an output signal at output wire TCP4. The latter signal, indicating a memory of the pos tion of the car at the fourth landing, is maintained, until the car leaves the fourth landing and arrives at the next succeeding landing, as has been described for the memory of the car at the third landing.

Referring to that portion of FIG. 9 which shows the service demand registering circuits, up landing call buttons 1U-5U, down landing call buttons 2D-6D and car call buttons 1C-6C each comprise a gas tube of the 1C21 type and a fixed button TB connected to the tube envelope with the circuits arranged so that the tube conducts in response to the touch of a finger on the button TB and remains conducting, thereby registering the call and enabling the touch to be discontinued. The primary of transformer TR1 may be supplied with alternating current fromany suitable source ,to provide alternating current for the gas tube firing circuits. Signals in terms of voltage, indicating the registration of service demand, are obtained from across the respective cathode resistors of the call button tubes; the registration of down landing calls being obtained from the voltage drops appearing across cathode resistors RDL26; up landing calls from across cathode resistors RULl-S and car calls from across cathode resistors RCL1-6. The voltage drops, indicating the registration of service demand, :are applied, as signals, to the inputs of logic circuitry which controls car movement as will be later described. The structure and operation of the landing and car call registering circuits are more fully dislosed and described in the W. H. Bruns Patent No. 2,525,769.

FIG. 9, as has been previously stated, also shows a portion of the direction control circuits. Such portion includes amplifiers APAA through APAH and APAJ, APAK, and silicon blocking diodes, generally designated V, through which' the lefthand side of certain of the cathode resistors RDL2.6, RULl-S and RCL1-6 of the SQEYiQQ demand registering circuits are connected to the I 7 inputs of certain of the amplifiers, for purposes to be explained hereinafter.

Referring to FIG. 13, circuitry is shown for utilizing tachometer generator TG of FIG. I to convert the speed of car CA into output signals, corresponding to the car speed. Separately excited field TF (FIG. 13) of tachometer generator TG is connected across supply lines B+, B0. Its armature TA is connected through contacts Z10 of the advancer disabling switch across rectifier bridge circuit RE for full wave rectification of the tachometer generator output voltage. Gas tubes TIE, TZE, T3E of the 572.7 type, connected as triodes, have their cathode electrodes c connected directly to supply line B. Plate voltage is applied to the plate circuits of the tubes over supply line B+. Coils IE, 2E and 3E of the first, second and third speed switches, respectively, are connected in the respective plate circuits of tubes TIE, TZE and T 3E. The tubes are biased to a non-conducting condition over supply line B=, the ohmic values of their respective grid resistors R1, R2 and R3 being such that a first certain negative bias is applied tothe grid circuit of tube TIE, a larger certain negative bias is applied to the grid circuit of tube T2E and a still larger certain negative bias is applied to the grid circuit of tube T3E, for purposes to be explained hereinafter. The output of rectifier bridge circuit RE is connected across the grid-cathode circuits of tubes TIE, TZE and T3E. Grid capacitors CGI-3 act as noise filters.

To illustrate the operation of the circuits of FIG. 13, assume that the car starts from a landing and accelerates to full speed. As the speed of the car increases from zero, armature TA coupled to drive shaft 4 (FIG. 1) of hoisting motor M rotates at an increasing speed, generating an output voltage which is rectified by rectifier RE (FIG. 13) and applied to the grid-cathode circuits of tubes TIE, T2E and T3E. When the speed of the car and, in turn, the rectified generator voltage, attain a first certain value, respectively, the rectified voltage applied to the grid circuits of the tubes is sufiicient in magnitude to overcome the negative bias applied to the grid circuit of tube TIE, causing it to fire and conduct through its cathodeplate circuit, extending from supply line B0 through coil 1B of the first speed switch, contacts 2E1 of the second speed switch, contacts 3E1 of the third speed switch and contacts 3DEC2 of the third decelerating switch to: supply line B+. The flow of plate current through coil IE of the first speed switch causes the switch to operate and engage its contacts IE1, connecting output wire VIE to supply line B+. The potential of supply line B-lappears, as a signal, at output wire VIE, indicating that the car is traveling at a first certain speed.

As the speed of the car, and, in turn, the voltage generated by tachometer generator TG increase to a second certain value, the rectified voltage applied to the gridcathode circuit of tube TIE attains a magnitude to counteract the negative bias applied to its grid circuit sufficiently to cause tube TZE to fire and conduct through its cathode-plate circuit, extending through coil 2B of the second speed switch. Switch 2E operates and engages its contacts 2E2, causing the potential of supply line B+ to appear at output wire V2E, thereby indicating that the car has attained a second certain speed. Switch 2E also separates its contacts 2E1 in theplate circuit of tube TIE, interrupting the flow of current through Coil 1B of the first speed switch and causing tube TIE to cease conducting and extinguish. Switch IE returns to unoperated condition, separating its contacts IE1 and engaging its contacts IE2, thereby removing the potential of supply line B+ from output wire VIE.

As the car attains full speed, the rectified output voltage of tachometer generator TG increases to a third certain value, which is sufficient in magnitude to counteract the negative bias applied to tube T3E, causing the tube to fire and conduct through its cathode-plate circuit, extending through coil 3B of the third speed switch. Switch 3E operates and engages its contacts 3E2, causing the potential of supply line B+ to appear at output wire VSE, thereby indicating that the car is traveling at full speed. Switch 3E also separates its contact 3E1 in the plate circuits of tubes TIE and TZ-E, interrupting the flow of current through coil 2B of the second speed switch and causing tube TZE to cease conducting and extinguish. Second speed switch 2E returns to unoperated condition, separating its contacts 2E2 and engaging its contacts 2E3, thereby removing the potential of supply 'line B+ from output wire VZE.

Incident to the initiation of slowdown of the car for a stop, contacts 3DEC2 of the third deceleration switch separate, interrupting the plate circuits of tubes TIE, T2E and T3E and the flow of current through coil 3E oi the third speed switch. Tube T3E ceases to conduct and extinguishes. Switch 3E returns to unoperated condition, separating its contacts 3-152 and engaging its contacts 3E3, thereby removing the potential of supply line B+ from output wire V3E. Contacts 3DEC2 of the third deceleration switch remain separated until the car comes to a full stop.

In this manner, signals in terms of voltage appear at output wires VIE, V213 and V3E, which signals correspond to and are indicative of the cars speed. It may be noted that, under conditions where the associated speed switches are operated, the potential of supply line B+ appears at the output wires for use as input blocking signals to control circuitry, and, under conditions where they are in an unoperated condition, a low impedance path from the output wires to supply line is available for connection to control circuitry, for purposes to be described hereinafter.

The circuits for controlling the movement of the car in response to service demand will now be described. Referring to FIG. 10, gas tubes TXU and TXD of the 5727 type, connected as triodes, have their respective cathode electrodes c connected directly to supply line B0; An alternating plate voltage is applied over supply line AC to the plate circuits of the tubes; coil XU of the up direction memory switch and coil XD of the down direction memory switch being connected in the plate circuits of tubes TXU, TXD, respectively. A polarizing diode V is connected across each of the switch coils XU, XD'. The grid circuit of tube TXU is connected to the output of And circuit AXU, shown as a block symbol, representative of the circuitry of FIG. 5, and having two input conditions. One of these input conditions is supplied by the output of amplifier APBU, shown as a block symbol, representative of the circuitry of FIG. 7. Five And circuits, designated AIU to ASU and each having two input conditions, have their respective outputs connected in common to the input of amplifier APBU. The grid circuit of tube TXD of the down direction memory circuit is similarly connected to And circuit AXD, amplifier APBD and the five And circuits, designated A2'D to A6D. Tubes TXU, T XD, in the absence of output signals from their respective And circuits AXU, AXD, are biased to non-conducting condition over supply line B. Grid capacitors CGI2 of the tubes act as noise :filters.

Referring to FIG. 11, any suitable form of power supply may be provided for the elevator hoisting motor. One of the preferred arrangements is to employ a direct current elevator motor and to cause current to be supplied to the motor at a variable voltage, as from a driven generator in ld, therefore, the voltage applied to elevator motor armare MA. BR designates the release coil of the electroagnetic brake B (FIG. 1). For the sake of brevity. the car and hoistway doors and eir power and control circuits have not been shown, it :ing understood that they are of the conventional autoatic type. There are two pairs of contacts operated by e car door, each engaged when the car door is closed. tie door interlock contacts operated by the various hoistay doors are arranged in series relation. These contacts e not closed until the hoistway doors are closed and cked. For convenience, these car and hoistway door concts are shown as a single pair of contacts, designated C (FIG. 11), of a mechanical switch actuated by door ovement, the contacts being shown for the closed posi- )n of the door.

Referring to FIG. 12 wherein circuits for the control of :celeration and deceleration of the car are shown, gas bes TIAC, TZAC and T3AC, associated with accelera- )Il control and tubes TIDC, T2DC and T3DC, associed with deceleration control, are of the 5727 type con- :cted as triodes and have their cathode electrodes c con- :cted directly to supply line B0. Plate voltage is applied the plate circuits of the tubes over supply line B-|-. oils IACC, 2ACC and 3ACC of the first, second and ird accelerating switches are connected in the respective ate circuits of tubes TlAC, TZAC and T3AC, and coils )EC, ZDEC and 3DEC of the first, second and third de- :lerating switches are connected in the respective plate rcuits of tubes TlDC, T2DC and T3DC. The grid cirlit of each acceleration control tube TlAC, T2AC and 3AC is connected to the common output of two And cirll'ES, each of which And circuits has three input condi- 3118; the grid circuit of tube TIAC being connected to the )mmon output of And circuit AlUA, for up travel of e car, and AIDA, for down travel; the grid circuit of .be T2AC being connected to the common output of And rcuits A2UA, A2DA; and the grid circuit of tube T3AC And circuits A3UA and A3DA. The grid circuit of tCh deceleration control tube T1DC, T2DC and T3DC connected to the common output of six And circuits, .ch of which And circuits has five input conditions; the 'id circuit of tube TlDC being connected to the common ltput of And circuits lAlUD to 3A1UD, for the up diction of car travel and 1A1DD to 3A1DD, for the )wn direction; the grid circuit of tube TZDC being con- :cted to the common output of And circuits 1A2UD to HUD and 1A2DD to 3A2DD, and the grid circuit of be T3DC being connected to And circuits 1A3UD to i3UD and 1A3DD to 3A3DD. Acceleration control bes TIAC, TZAC and T3AC and deceleration control has TlDC, TZDC and T3DC, in the absence of output gnals from the And circuits connected to their respective 'id circuits, are biased to non-conducting condition over lpply line B.

FIG. 12a illustrates circuitry for remembering whether e car is accelerating or decelerating. A flip-flop circuit F1, shown as a block symbol, representative of the cirlits of FIG. 6, produces either of two output signals, over ltput wires ACC, DEC, in response to set and reset gnals applied over supply lines B+ through contacts Z7, 8 of the advancer disabling switch.

Referring to FIG. 14 wherein circuits are shown for lvancing the position of the car fictitiously one or more ndings, depending upon the speed of the car, and for reembering such advanced position, gas tubes TAPl-TAP6 the 5727 type, connected as triodes, have their respecve plate electrodes p connected through common plate :sistor RP to supply line B+. The cathode circuit of each be (TAP1-6) consists of a parallel resistor-capacitor 1, C) circuit, connecting its associated cathode elecode c to supply line B0. Grid condensers CG16 are ovided for noise filtration. The grid circuit of each tube connected to the output of one or more And circuits, 1ch of which And circuits has two input conditions, for

applying firing signals to the tubes to initiate their conduction; the grid circuit of tube TAPl being connected to the common output of And circuits A2D1, A3D2 and A4D3, for down travel of the car; the grid circuit of tube T AP2 being connected to the common output of A3D1, A4D2, A5D3, for down car travel, and to A1U1 for up travel; tube TAP3 to A4D1, A5D2 and A6D3 for down travel and to A2U1 and A1U2 for up travel; tube TAP4 to A5D1 and A6D2 for down travel and to A3Ul, A2U2 and A1U3 for up travel; tube TAPS to A6D1 for down travel and to A4U1, A3U2 and A2U3 for up travel, and tube TAP6 to A5U1, A4U2 and A3U3 for up travel. Output signals, indicating the fictitiously advanced car position,are obtained over output wires ACP1-6 connected directly to the cathode electrodes c of tubes TAP1-6, respectively. In the absence of firing signals to the respective grid circuits of tubes TAP16, the tubes are maintained in nonconducting condition by the negative grid bias supplied over supply line B.

In FIG. 15 circuits for stop initiation and call cancellation are shown. Tubes TUl-S, associated with up landing calls, tubes TD26, associated with down landing calls, and tubes TC1-6, associated with car calls, are gas tubes of the 5727 type connected as triodes and have their respective cathode electrodes c connected through cathode resistors (R16) to supply line B0. Alternating plate voltage is applied to these tubes over supply line AC. In the absence of input signals to their respective grid circuits, they are biased to nonconducting condition by means of the negative grid bias applied to their respective grid circuits over supply line B. Grid capacitors C16 of the tubes act as noise filters. The grid circuit of each tube is connected to an associated And circuit, having two input conditions, for applying firing signals to the tubes to initiate their conduction; the outputs of And circuits 15AU1 to 15AU5 being connected to the respective grid circuits of up landing call tubes TUl-S; the outputs of 15AD2 to 15AD6 being connected to tubes TDZ to TD6, respectively, and 15AC1 to 15AC6 being connected to tubes TC16, respectively. Output signals obtained across the respective cathode resistors (R16) of the tubes may be fed back through blocking diodes (1VU-5VU, 1VC-6VC and 2VD-6VD) to the call registering circuits of FIG. 9 for cancelling registered calls, as will be hereinafter described.

The respective outputs of And circuits 15AU1 to 15AU5 (FIG. 15), associated with up landing calls, are also connected to the grid circuit of up stop memory tube TUS, while the respective outputs of And circuits 15AD2 to 15AD6, associated with down landing calls, are also connected to the grid circuit of down stop memory tube TDS. The respective outputs of And circuits 15AC1 to 15AC6, associated with car calls, are also connected to the grid circuits of memory tubes TUS, T'DS through blocking diodes (VC1-6) and directional contacts U2, D1 of the up and down switches U, D, respectively.

Memory tubes TUS, TDS= are gas tubes of the 5727 type having their respective plate electrodes p connected to supply line B+, and their respective cathode electrodes 0 connected through cathode resistors RUS, RDS, respectively, to supply line B0. Output signals, indicating the memory and direction of the stop initiated, may be obtained from across the respective cathode resistors RUS, RDS over wires EUS, EDS, respectively. These output signals may also be applied through resistor RTU to the grid circuit of up stop initiating tube TXUS, and through resistor RTD to the grid circuit of down stop initiating tube TXDS.

Stop initiating tubes TXUS, TXDS are gas tubes of the' 5727 type connected as triodes and have their respective plate electrodes p supplied with alternating plate voltage over supply line AC. The respective cathode electrodes 0 of tubes TXUS, TXDS are connected through coils US, DS, respectively, of the up stopping switch and the down stopping switch, respectively, to supply line B0. A polariz- 21 ing diode V is connected across each coil US, US. Grid capacitors CGU, CGD act as noise filters. In the absence of input signals to the respective grid circuits of tubes TXUS, TXDS, the tubes are biased to nonconducting condition by means of the negative bias applied to their respective grid circuits over supply line B. Firing signals may also be applied to the grid circuits of stop initiating tubes TXUS, TXDS over supply line B+ through either contacts R03 of the stop initiating switch or contacts NT14 of the stop time switch (when either pair of contacts is engaged) and thence through line resistor RL and up stopping switch contacts US6 to the grid circuit of tube TXUS and down stopping switch contacts D88 to the grid circuit of tube TXDS.

Referring to FIG. 16 wherein circuitry for a counter is shown, tubes TEO and TE3 are gas tubes of the 5727 type connected as triodes and have their respective plate electrodes p connected through common plate resistor RP to supply line B+. The cathode circuit of each tube (TEO-3) consists of a parallel resistor-capacitor (KO-3, C0-3) circuit, connecting its associated cathode electrode c to supply line B0. In the absence of input signals to their respective grid circuits, the tubes are biased to nonconducting condition over supply line B. The cathode electrodes c of tubes TEO-2 are connected directly to the inputs of And circuits AE1 to AE3, respectively, which And circuits each have two input conditions. The second input condition of each And circuit may be supplied over wire LCP through contacts Z9 (when engaged) of the advancer disabling switch and capacitor CE; resistor R E being of relatively high ohmic value to provide a discharge leakage path for capacitor CE.

The respective outputs of And circuits AE1 to AE3 are connected to the grid circuits of tubes TEl to TE3, respectively, as will be described hereinafter. Output signals, indicating a count of from 0 to 3 may be obtained from across the respective cathode resistors (RU-3) of tubes TEO-3 (when in conducting condition) over output wires E0 to E3, and an input reset signal for resetting the counter to zero (by causing conduction to be transferred to tube TEIJ) may be applied to the grid circuit of tube TEO over supply line B+ through resistor RL by the engagement of contacts .NT13 of the stop time switch incident to the arrival of the car at a landing stop.

\Referring to FIG. 17 wherein stop circuits are shown, gas tube TRO is of the 5727 type connected as a triode and has its cathode electrode c connected directly to supply line B0. The plate electrode p of tube TRO is connected through coil R0 of the stop switch to supply line AC, a polarizing silicon diode V being connected across the coil. The grid circuit of the tube is connected to the output of And circuit ARO, which And circuit has two input conditions. One of the input conditions is supplied from the amplifier APAI, and the other from amplifier APAZ. The input to amplifier APAZ is connected to the common output of And circuits A1 to A6, each having two input conditions. In the absence of an output signal from And circuit ARI) to the grid circuit of tube TRO, the tube is biased to nonconducting condition over supply line B.

FIG. 18 shows a portion of the circuitry for disabling the advancer. Gas tube TZ is of the 5727 type connected as a triode and has its cathode electrode 0 connected directly to supply line B0. Its plate electrode p is connected through coil Z of the advancer disabling switch and contacts NTl to supply line B+. Grid condenser CG, connecting the grid electrode g to the cathode electrode c, is provided for purposes of noise filtration. The grid circuit of tube TZ is connected to the common output of And circuits AD, AU, each having two input conditions. The output of amplifier AP'AUS- is connected to the input of And circuit AD, supplying one of the input conditions of that And circuit, while the output of amplifier APADS is connected to the input and supplies one of the input conditions of And circuit AU. In the absence of an out- 22 put signal from And circuits AD, AU, tube TZ is biased to nonconducting condition over supply line B.

FIGS. 19, 20 and 21 illustrate leveling control circuitry. In FIG. 19 are shown the circuitry for two leveling timers, one for leveling up to a landing and one for leveling down to a landing, they being shown in broken line outline and designated LTU and LTD, respectively. Since the circuits for both timers are similar, only the circuit of timer LTU will be described. Gas tubes TLUl, TLU2 are of the 5727 type connected as triodes and have their respective cathode electrodes c connected directly to supply line B0. Grid condensers (1614 are provided for purposes of noise filtration. The plate electrodes p of tubes TLUl, TLU2 are connected through plate resistors RLUl, RLUZ, respectively to supply line B and to each other by capacitor CPU. The grid circuit of tube TLUZ is connected to input wire LU(8). The plate electrode p of tube TLUl is connected through fixed resistor RU1 and varia ble resistor RU2 to the tube grid circuit which, in turn, is connected through capacitor OUI to supply line B0 Input wire LCP(8) is connected through blocking diode V and resistor RG3 to the common junction point of grid resistors R2, R1 and RG1. Fixed resistors RLUI, RU1, variable resistor RUZ and capacitor CUl comprise a resistor-capacitor timing circuit which, as will be hereinafter described, in conjunction with flip-fiop operation of tubes TLUl, TLU2, provides a time output over output wire ETU, connected directly to the plate electrode p of tube TLUl.

FIG. '20 illustrates a flip-flop circuit shown in block symbol and designated FFZ, which circuit receives from supply line B its set pulse signal through contacts 2DEC1 of the third decelerating switch and condenser C1, and its reset pulse signal through contacts lACCl of the first accelerating switch and condenser C2 to provide, in response to the set signal, an output signal over output wire EL, for purposes to be explained hereinafter.

FIG. 21 shows two gas tubes TXUL, TXDL of the 5727 type connected as triodes and having their respective cathode electrodes c connected directly to supply line B0. The plate electrode p of tube TXUL is connected through coil TUL of the auxiliary up leveling switch and interlocking contacts TDLl of the auxiliary down leveling switch to supply line AC, while tube TXDL is similarly connected to supply line AC through coil TDL of the auxiliary down leveling switch and interlocking contacts TULI of the auxiliary up leveling switch. The output of And circuit ALU is connected to the grid circuit of tube TXUL, while the output of And circuit ALD is connected to the grid circuit of tube TXDL, each And circuit having two input conditions. In the absence of output signals from their respective And circuits, tubes TXUL and TXDL are biased to nonconducting condition over supply line B.

FIG. 22 shows circuitry for disabling the advancer incident to stopping of the car at a landing stop. Two similar circuits, one for the up direction of car travel and one for the down direction of car travel are shown, each utiliz ing a transistor of the General Electric 2N167 type, designated GT3 for the down direction and GT4 for the up direction circuits. Since both transistors are similarly connected, only the circuits for transistor GT3 will be described. The collector electrode 0 of transistor GT3 is connected through contacts XU13 to output wire EYD and through resistor RL3 to supply line B+. Its emitter electrode e is connected directly to supply line B1+ which is at substantially zero voltage. Its base electrode b is connected through resistor R2 to supply line B0 and through resistor R1 to the common output of And circuits 2AYD to 6AYD, each having two input conditions. In the absence of an output signal from And circuits 2AYD to 6AYD, the base electrode b of transistor GT3 is biased sufliciently negative with respect to its emitter electrode e to maintain the transistor in nonconducting condition. Under such conditions, the potential of supply line 

